The standards ensure that a web service is accessed independently of the client platform. As a developer you can take advantage of these practical scenarios to understand the CXF framework and also make use of them in real-life applications. You will see how to develop services in a flexible deployment model offered by CXF, unit test them in a stand-alone environment, and finally promote them in an application server environment. Search for eBooks and Videos.
Support for non-XML binding. Both Celtix and XFire, while in their initial versions, had many things in common and therefore the developers of both projects decided to bring out the best of both worlds and planned a better 2. Using the POJO programming model simplifies testing and keeps things simple. Downloading the source code. Help us improve by sharing your feedback. We choose CXF rather than other web service frameworks as it supports all the leading web service standards and provides a simplified programming model for developing SOAP and RESTful-based web services, along with options for various other application protocols.
He started working with Web Services way back in and proposed the first Appache web services-based pattern http: This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. Otherwise, kindly click the X icon to close. Share Facebook Email Twitter Reddit. Font size rem 1. Packaging the Book Shop application. Invoking a web service using the Java client. Unlock course access forever with Packt credits. Endpoint that under the covers looks for a provider and in our case its CXF - so its CXF that does the heavy lifting of exposing out webservice on the given URL address.
Since our class ReportIncidentEndpointImpl implements the interface ReportIncidentEndpoint that is decorated with all the jaxws annotations it got all the information it need to expose the webservice.
Below is the CXF wsdl2java generated interface:. Next up is to create a webservice client so we can invoke our webservice. We could have done the same for the server part, and you should do this if you need more power and access more advanced features. So now we are ready for creating a unit test. We have the server and the client. So we just create a plain simple unit test method as the usual junit style:.
Now we are nearly there. But if you run the unit test with mvn test then it will fail. Well its because that CXF needs is missing some dependencies during unit testing. In fact it needs the web container, so we need to add this to our pom.
Well what is that, CXF also uses Jetty for unit test - well its just shows how agile, embedable and popular Jetty is. Its stuff that is well covered on the net, but I wanted a full fledged tutorial on a maven project setup that is web service ready with Apache CXF. We will use this as a base for the next part where we demonstrate how Camel can be digested slowly and piece by piece just as it was back in the times when was introduced and was learning the Spring framework that we take for granted today.
Now we turn towards our webservice endpoint implementation where we want to let Camel have a go at the input we receive. As Camel is very non invasive its basically a. Here at first we want Camel to log the givenName and familyName parameters we receive, so we add the LogComponent with the key log.
And we must start Camel before its ready to act. Then we change the code in the method that is invoked by Apache CXF when a webservice request arrives. We get the name and let Camel have a go at it in the new method we create sendToCamel :. Next is the Camel code. At first it looks like there are many code lines to do a simple task of logging the name - yes it is. But later you will in fact realize this is one of Camels true power.
Its concise API. Hint: The same code can be used for any component in Camel. Okay there are code comments in the code block above that should explain what is happening. We run the code by invoking our unit test with maven mvn test , and we should get this log line:.
Okay that isn't to impressive, Camel can log Well I promised that the above code style can be used for any component, so let's store the payload in a file. We do this by adding the file component to the Camel context. And then we let camel write the payload to the file after we have logged, by creating a new method sendToCamelFile. We want to store the payload in filename with the incident id so we need this parameter also:.
We have change the URI configuration when we create the endpoint as we pass in configuration parameters to the file component. And then we need to set the output filename and this is done by adding a special header to the exchange. That's the only difference:. After running our unit test again with mvn test we have a output file in the target folder:.
In the file example above the configuration was URI based. We just need to cast to the component specific endpoint and then we have all the setters available:. That's it. Of course Camel now stores the file in the subfolder. Just add the camel-core. You must have noticed that the code for sending a message to a given endpoint is the same for both the log and file , in fact any Camel endpoint.
You as the client shouldn't bother with component specific code such as file stuff for file components, jms stuff for JMS messaging etc. Now that you have been introduced to Camel and one of its masterpiece patterns solved elegantly with the Message Endpoint its time to give productive and show a solution in fewer code lines, in fact we can get it down to 5, 4, 3, The key is the ProducerTemplate that is a Spring'ish xxxTemplate based producer.
Meaning that it has methods to send messages to any Camel endpoints. First of all we need to get hold of such a template and this is done from the CamelContext. Now we can use template for sending payloads to any endpoint in Camel. So all the logging gabble can be reduced to:. And the same goes for the file, but we must also send the header to instruct what the output filename should be:. Well we got the Camel code down to lines for sending the message to the component that does all the heavy work of wring the message to a file etc.
But we still got 5 lines to initialize Camel. This can also be reduced. All the standard components in Camel is auto discovered on-the-fly so we can remove these code lines and we are down to 3 lines. Tip: End-users can create their 3rd party components using the same technique and have them been auto discovered on-the-fly. Later will we see how we can reduce this to But the 3 lines will do for now.
Okay lets head back to the over goal of the integration. Looking at the EIP diagrams at the introduction page we need to be able to translate the incoming webservice to an email. Doing so we need to create the email body. When doing the message translation we could put up our sleeves and do it manually in pure java with a StringBuilder such as:.
But as always it is a hardcoded template for the mail body and the code gets kinda ugly if the mail message has to be a bit more advanced.
But of course it just works out-of-the-box with just classes already in the JDK. Lets use a template language instead such as Apache Velocity. As Camel have a component for Velocity integration we will use this component.
Looking at the Component List overview we can see that camel-velocity component uses the artifactId camel-velocity so therefore we need to add this to the pom. To remedy this we could wrestle with the pom. In fact camel-spring is such a vital part of Camel that you will end up using it in nearly all situations - we will look into how well Camel is seamless integration with Spring in part 3. For now its just another dependency. The content in the MailBody. Letting Camel creating the mail body and storing it as a file is as easy as the following 3 code lines:.
What is impressive is that we can just pass in our POJO object we got from Apache CXF to Velocity and it will be able to generate the mail body with this object in its context.
Thus we don't need to prepare anything before we let Velocity loose and generate our mail body. Notice that the template method returns a object with out response.
This object contains the mail body as a String object. We can cast to String if needed. If we run our unit test with mvn test we can in fact see that Camel has produced the file and we can type its content:. What we have seen here is actually what it takes to build the first part of the integration flow. Receiving a request from a webservice, transform it to a mail body and store it to a file, and return an OK response to the webservice.
All possible within 10 lines of code. So lets wrap it up here is what it takes:. I know this is a bit different introduction to Camel to how you can start using it in your projects just as a plain java. I took you through the coding parts that requires 6 - 10 lines to send a message to an endpoint, buts it's important to show the Message Endpoint EIP pattern in action and how its implemented in Camel. Yes of course Camel also has to one liners that you can use, and will use in your projects for sending messages to endpoints.
I wanted to demonstrate the basic building blocks in Camel and how its setup in pure god old fashioned Java. There are plenty of eye catcher examples with one liners that does more than you can imagine - we will come there in the later parts. Okay part 3 is about building the last pieces of the solution and now it gets interesting since we have to wrestle with the event driven consumer. Brew a cup of coffee, tug the kids and kiss the wife, for now we will have us some fun with the Camel.
See you in part 3. This completes the first part of the solution: receiving the message using webservice, transform it to a mail body and store it as a text file. What is missing is the last part that polls the text files and send them as emails. Here is where some fun starts, as this requires usage of the Event Driven Consumer EIP pattern to react when new files arrives. So lets see how we can do this in Camel. There is a saying: Many roads lead to Rome, and that is also true for Camel - there are many ways to do it in Camel.
We want to add the consumer to our integration that listen for new files, we do this by creating a private method where the consumer code lives. We must register our consumer in Camel before its started so we need to add, and there fore we call the method addMailSenderConsumer in the constructor below:. The consumer needs to be consuming from an endpoint so we grab the endpoint from Camel we want to consume. We could change the URL to include some options, and to make it more clear that it's possible we setup a delay value to 10 seconds, and the first poll starts after 2 seconds.
This is done by adding? Creating the consumer requires a Processor where we implement the java code what should happen when a message arrives. To get the mail body as a String object we can use the getBody method where we can provide the type we want in return. Sending the email is still left to be implemented, we will do this later. And finally we must remember to start the consumer otherwise its not active and won't listen for new files. Before we test it we need to be aware that our unit test is only catering for the first part of the solution, receiving the message with webservice, transforming it using Velocity and then storing it as a file - it doesn't test the Event Driven Consumer we just added.
As we are eager to see it in action, we just do a common trick adding some sleep in our unit test, that gives our Event Driven Consumer time to react and print to System. We will later refine the test:. We run the test with mvn clean test and have eyes fixed on the console output. During all the output in the console, we see that our consumer has been triggered, as we want. Sending the email requires access to a SMTP mail server, but the implementation code is very simple:.
For unit testing the consumer part we will use a mock mail framework, so we add this to our pom. Then we prepare our integration to run with or without the consumer enabled. We do this to separate the route into the two parts:. And as always run mvn clean test to be sure that the latest code changes works.
We are now ready to add a new unit test that tests the consumer part so we create a new test class that has the following code structure:. As we want to test the consumer that it can listen for files, read the file content and send it as an email to our mailbox we will test it by asserting that we receive 1 mail in our mailbox and that the mail is the one we expect. To do so we need to grab the mailbox with the mockmail API. This is done as simple as:. How do we trigger the consumer? Well by creating a file in the folder it listen for.
So we could use plain java. File API to create the file, but wait isn't there an smarter solution? Camel can do amazing stuff in one liner codes with its ProducerTemplate, so we need to get a hold of this baby. We expose this template in our ReportIncidentEndpointImpl but adding this getter:.
Then we just need to wait a little for the consumer to kick in and do its work and then we should assert that we got the new mail. Easy as just:. Okay we have reached the end of part 3. For now we have only scratched the surface of what Camel is and what it can do. We have introduced Camel into our integration piece by piece and slowly added more and more along the way. And the most important is: you as the developer never lost control.
We hit a sweet spot in the webservice implementation where we could write our java code. Adding Camel to the mix is just to use it as a regular java code, nothing magic. We were in control of the flow, we decided when it was time to translate the input to a mail body, we decided when the content should be written to a file. This is very important to not lose control, that the bigger and heavier frameworks tend to do.
No names mentioned, but boy do developers from time to time dislike these elephants. And Camel is no elephant. I suggest you download the samples from part 1 to 3 and try them out. It is great basic knowledge to have in mind when we look at some of the features where Camel really excel - the routing domain language.
This section is about regular Camel. The examples presented here in this section is much more in common of all the examples we have in the Camel documentation. So we start all over again! Camel is particular strong as a light-weight and agile routing and mediation framework. In this part we will introduce the routing concept and how we can introduce this into our solution. Looking back at the figure from the Introduction page we want to implement this routing.
Later we will introduce the XML version that is very well integrated with Spring. Before we jump into it, we want to state that this tutorial is about Developers not loosing control.
So in this part we stay clear with this vision and our starting point is as follows:. Yes we have a simple plain Java class where we have the implementation of the webservice. They all allow the developer to be in control and implement the code logic as plain Java code. Camel of course doesn't enforce this to be any different. Okay the boss told us to implement the solution from the figure in the Introduction page and we are now ready to code.
This class does all the heavy lifting of supporting EIP verbs for end-users to express the routing. It does take a little while to get settled and used to, but when you have worked with it for a while you will enjoy its power and realize it is in fact a little language inside Java itself.
What to notice here is the configure method. Here is where all the action is. Here we have the Java DSL langauge, that is expressed using the fluent builder syntax that is also known from Hibernate when you build the dynamic queries etc. What you do is that you can stack methods separating with the dot.
In the example above we have a very common routing, that can be distilled from pseudo verbs to actual code with:. It will wait for messages to arrive on the direct queue and then dispatch the message. So what we have implemented so far with our ReportIncidentRoutes RouteBuilder is this part of the picture:. So turning back to our webservice implementation class ReportIncidentEndpointImpl we add this constructor to the code, to create the CamelContext and add the routes from our route builder and finally to start it.
Okay how do you use the routes then? Well its just as before we use a ProducerTemplate to send messages to Endpoints, so we just send to the direct:start endpoint and it will take it from there. So we implement the logic in our webservice operation:.
Notice that we get the producer template using the createProducerTemplate method on the CamelContext. Then we send the input parameters to the direct:start endpoint and it will route it to the velocity endpoint that will generate the mail body.
And the response is of course the output from the velocity endpoint. We have now completed this part of the picture:. Now is the time we would like to unit test what we got now. So we call for camel and its great test kit. For this to work we need to add it to the pom. After adding it to the pom.
Then we are ready to create out unit test class. We create this unit test skeleton, where we extend this class ContextTestSupport. ContextTestSupport is a supporting unit test class for much easier unit testing with Apache Camel. The class is extending JUnit TestCase itself so you get all its glory.
What we need to do now is to somehow tell this unit test class that it should use our route builder as this is the one we gonna test. So we do this by implementing the createRouteBuilder method. That is easy just return an instance of our route builder and this unit test will use our routes.
The same technique is of course also possible for end-users of Camel to create parts of your routes and test them separately in many test classes. However in this tutorial we test the real route that is to be used for production, so we just return an instance of the real one. We then code our unit test method that sends a message to the route and assert that its transformed to the mail body using the Velocity template. The next piece of puzzle that is missing is to store the mail body as a backup file.
So we turn back to our route and the EIP patterns. We use the Pipes and Filters pattern here to chain the routing as:. Notice that we just add a 2nd. Camel will default use the Pipes and Filters pattern here when there are multi endpoints chained liked this. We could have used the pipeline verb to let out stand out that its the Pipes and Filters pattern such as:. But hey we have added the file producer endpoint and thus a file should also be created as the backup file.
So the file producer create a sub folder named ID-claus-acer what is this? Well Camel auto generates an unique filename based on the unique message id if not given instructions to use a fixed filename. What we want is to use our own filename instead of this auto generated filename. This is archived by adding a header to the message with the filename to use. So we need to add this to our route and compute the filename based on the message content.
For starters we show the simple solution and build from there. We start by setting a constant filename, just to verify that we are on the right path, to instruct the file producer what filename to use. The file producer uses a special header FileComponent.
What we do is to send the header when we "kick-start" the routing as the header will be propagated from the direct queue to the file producer. What we need to do is to use the ProducerTemplate. So we change out webservice code to include the filename also:. However we could also have used the route builder itself to configure the constant filename as shown below:. But Camel can be smarter and we want to dynamic set the filename based on some of the input parameters, how can we do this?
Well the obvious solution is to compute and set the filename from the webservice implementation, but then the webservice implementation has such logic and we want this decoupled, so we could create our own POJO bean that has a method to compute the filename. We could then instruct the routing to invoke this method to get the computed filename. This is a string feature in Camel, its Bean binding. So lets show how this can be done:. The class is very simple and we could easily create unit tests for it to verify that it works as expected.
So what we want now is to let Camel invoke this class and its generateFilename with the input parameters and use the output as the filename. Pheeeww is this really possible out-of-the-box in Camel?
Yes it is. So lets get on with the show. We have the code that computes the filename, we just need to call it from our route using the Bean Language :.
Notice that we use the bean language where we supply the class with our bean to invoke. Camel will instantiate an instance of the class and invoke the suited method. For completeness and ease of code readability we add the method name as the 2nd parameter. Now we have a nice solution, but as a sidetrack I want to demonstrate the Camel has other languages out-of-the-box, and that scripting language is a first class citizen in Camel where it etc.
However we want it to be used for the filename generation. We could do as in the previous parts where we send the computed filename as a message header when we "kick-start" the route. But we want to learn new stuff so we look for a different solution using some of Camels many Languages. For starters we must add it to our pom. And remember to refresh your editor so you got the new. We want to construct the filename based on this syntax: mail-incident- ID.
As OGNL is a language that can invoke methods on bean we can invoke the getIncidentId on the message body and then concat it with the fixed pre and postfix strings. Now we got the expression to dynamic compute the filename on the fly we need to set it on our route so we turn back to our route, where we can add the OGNL expression:.
Notice the import static also applies for all the other languages, such as the Bean Language we used previously. Whatever worked for you we have now implemented the backup of the data files:.
What we need to do before the solution is completed is to actually send the email with the mail body we generated and stored as a file. In the previous part we did this with a File consumer, that we manually added to the CamelContext. We can do this quite easily with the routing. The last 3 lines of code does all this.
The DSL is really powerful where you can express your routing integration logic. So we completed the last piece in the picture puzzle with just 3 lines of code. We have now completed the integration:. We have just briefly touched the routing in Camel and shown how to implement them using the fluent builder syntax in Java. There is much more to the routing in Camel than shown here, but we are learning step by step.
We continue in part 5. See you there. Update: Since CXF 2. This is a camel module that registers with cxf as a new transport. It is quite easy to configure. The bean references a bean cxf which will be already present in your config. The other refrenceis a camel context.
We will later define this bean to provide the routing config. In camel you need two things to configure JMS. Then we set up the JMSComponent. It offers a new transport prefix to camel that we simply call jms. If we need several JMSComponents we can differentiate them by their name. For example you find the complete configuration options and a JNDI sample there.
We will configure a simple CXF webservice client. It will use stub code generated from a wsdl. The webservice client will be configured to use JMS directly. Latest commit. Git stats 16, commits. Failed to load latest commit information. Removing CodeQL Schedule. Oct 22, Update CXF versions for benchmark modules.
Jan 6, Using indexOf with a character when appropriate. Feb 15, Update versions to 4. Dec 16, Jan 9, Update Netty to 4. Jan 12, Sep 9, Update Apache Karaf to 4. Make sure that you do not overwrite the existing PATH variable content. You will need to add to the existing PATH.
The environment setup can also be automated using batch script. The script might look like the following:. Apache CXF also supports a Maven-based build and installation. For readers using Maven 2 for developing their applications, the CXF artifacts can be accessed from the Maven central repository itself.
The complete release is available at the following location:. In each chapter we have developed the source code from scratch along with Ant build files to build and run the code. If you are interested in running the examples directly without developing it from scratch, the entire source code is available at the Packt website www.
The appendix chapter Getting Ready with the Code Examples provides detailed instructions on how to download the source code from the Packt site. If you plan to use Maven, relevant pom. Refer to the Using Maven for Build management section in the Getting Ready with the Code Examples appendix chapter on how to use Maven to build the examples. In this chapter we introduced some of the basic concepts of web services and technology standards that are relevant in the context of the book to get you acquainted with these technologies before using these concepts for services development using CXF.
We looked at the Apache CXF framework, its history, and went through the various standards and features offered by the CXF framework for web services development. The Apache CXF provides a robust framework that makes web service development easy, simplified, and standard-based. He has over 9 years of industrial experience and has architected and implemented large scale BPM solutions.
Rajeev Hathi is a senior technology consultant specializing in J2EE architecture and design. He has more that 10 years of industry experience in the area of design and development of J2EE-based projects.
His hobbies are music and sports. About this book Apache CXF framework helps you to develop a standards-based programming model and also provides a flexible deployment model for deploying web services.
Publication date: December Publisher Packt. Pages ISBN Chapter 1. Getting Familiar with CXF. Web service technology standards. This serves as the input message format for invoking the Address verification service. Service Registry. Introducing web services. Approaches for web service development. Web service SOAP communication styles.
Apache CXF. History of CXF. Why CXF? Support for web service standards. Frontend programming APIs. Tools support. Support for RESTful services. Support for different transports and bindings. Support for non-XML binding. Ease of use. Flexible deployment. Setting up the environment. For ANT users. For Maven users.
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